AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In humans, all the somatic cells of the body are haploid cells; it contains half the chromosomes contained in the normal diploid cells. It is through the process of meiosis that haploid gametes are produced. Hence, there is half reduction in the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Because meiosis creates cells that are destined to become gametes (or reproductive cells), this reduction in chromosome number is critical-without it, the union of two gametes during fertilization would result in offspring with twice the normal number of chromosomes!

Detailed explanation-3: -The reduction of chromosome number in meiosis is a central event in the lives of most eukaryotes, including humans. It makes diploidy possible because the gametes that are produced with half the chromosome number of their parent cells can then fuse to form a diploid zygote.

Detailed explanation-4: -The cells that enter meiosis II are the ones made in meiosis I. These cells are haploid-have just one chromosome from each homologue pair-but their chromosomes still consist of two sister chromatids. In meiosis II, the sister chromatids separate, making haploid cells with non-duplicated chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Types of sexual life cycles Meiosis is where a diploid cell gives rise to haploid cells, and fertilization is where two haploid cells (gametes) fuse to form a diploid zygote.