AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA replication during S phase generates two identical copies of each chromosome. Each chromosome is destined for a daughter cell, but each daughter must receive one and only one copy of each chromosome.

Detailed explanation-2: -The term “duplication” simply means that a part of a chromosome is duplicated, or present in 2 copies. This results in having extra genetic material, even though the total number of chromosomes is usually normal.

Detailed explanation-3: -Monosomy, or the loss of one chromosome in cells, is another kind of aneuploidy. “Mono-” is Greek for “one"; people with monosomy have one copy of a particular chromosome in cells instead of the normal two copies.

Detailed explanation-4: -Haploid. A haploid cell has only a single set of chromosomes. Most cells in humans are diploid rather than haploid, meaning they have two copies of each chromosome.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mitosis is a fundamental process for life. During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells.