AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitosis is used to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cells. The cell copies-or ‘replicates’-its chromosomes, and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure that each daughter cell has a full set.

Detailed explanation-2: -Importantly, this means that the daughter cells are exact copies of the mother cell, with two copies of each chromosome, so they can go through the same process again. Thus, we call this process the cell cycle. This is the usual process of division by which the cells of our bodies renew themselves.

Detailed explanation-3: -The two daughter cells produced during mitosis are genetically identical to each other and the original parent cell. This is so that the cells can have the same genetic material and serve the same function in the body.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are now two cells, and each cell contains half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. In addition, the two daughter cells are not genetically identical to each other because of the recombination that occurred during prophase I (Figure 4).

Detailed explanation-5: -The dividing of the DNA ensures that both the “old” cell (parent cell) and the “new” cells (daughter cells) have the same genetic makeup and both will be diploid, or containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.