AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Okazaki fragments are formed on the lagging strand away from the replication fork and later joined by the enzyme DNA ligase .

Detailed explanation-2: -The purpose of Okazaki fragments is to allow DNA polymerase to synthesize the lagging strand in segments, since it is not oriented correctly for continuous synthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -These are short DNA nucleotide sequences are discontinuously synthesized and further associated by ligase enzyme which gives rise to the lagging strand at the time of DNA replication. They are formed in the lagging strand by the initiation of the creation of a new RNA primer by primo some.

Detailed explanation-4: -Okazaki fragments are initiated by creation of a new RNA primer by the primosome. To restart DNA synthesis, the DNA clamp loader releases the lagging strand from the sliding clamp, and then reattaches the clamp at the new RNA primer. Then DNA polymerase III can synthesize the segment of DNA.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lagging strand synthesis begins when helicase opens up the parent molecule of DNA and creates the replication fork. Two molecules of helicase open the DNA in both directions, allowing DNA replication to occur both ways. This creates two leading strands and two lagging strands per replication fork.