AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The sister chromatids are pairs of identical copies of DNA joined at a point called the centromere. During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle.

Detailed explanation-2: -A central feature of mitosis is segregation of sister chromatids to opposite poles during anaphase.

Detailed explanation-3: -In anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. In telophase II, nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes decondense.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are 46 individual chromosomes in each cell. Metaphase: During metaphase, each of the 46 chromosomes line up along the center of the cell at the metaphase plate. Anaphase: During anaphase, the centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate.

Detailed explanation-5: -Separation of the paired sister chromatids is required for poleward motion in anaphase. Chromatid separation results from the proteolytic degradation of components that link the chromatids at the centromere.