AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -All of these highly specialized cells have to grow from unspecialized stem cells. Stem cells produce new cells by dividing. In the right conditions, these new cells can then continue to divide and differentiate into specialized cells. Stem cells can also divide to produce new stem cells to replace themselves.

Detailed explanation-2: -Adult Stem Cells (ASCs): ASCs are undifferentiated cells found living within specific differentiated tissues in our bodies that can renew themselves or generate new cells that can replenish dead or damaged tissue. You may also see the term “somatic stem cell” used to refer to adult stem cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stem cell differentiation involves the changing of a cell to a more specialized cell type, involving a switch from proliferation to specialization. This involves a succession of alterations in cell morphology, membrane potential, metabolic activity and responsiveness to certain signals.

Detailed explanation-4: -“We found that the stem cell-specific protein OCT4 primes certain genes that, when activated, cause the cell to differentiate, or become more specialized, ” said Laszlo Nagy, M.D., Ph.