AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This checkpoint, also called the restriction checkpoint, takes place between the G1 and the S phase. The cell verifies that it is large enough to divide, that its DNA is intact, and if there is enough access to nutrients and stimulating growth factors.

Detailed explanation-2: -G1 (restriction) checkpoint. The G1 checkpoint, also known as the restriction point in mammalian cells and the start point in yeast, is the point at which the cell becomes committed to entering the cell cycle.

Detailed explanation-3: -For example, the G1 checkpoint ensures that the size of the cell is large enough to progress into the S phase and checks for the presence of DNA damage [26].

Detailed explanation-4: -At the G1 checkpoint, cells decide whether or not to proceed with division based on factors such as: Cell size. Nutrients. Growth factors.

Detailed explanation-5: -These data indicate that the G1 checkpoint is activated in response to mitotic DNA damage in the presence of p53, and that the mitotic DNA damage response is connected to the G1 checkpoint by p53. If cells continue to possess damaged DNA, apoptosis is induced in a p53-dependent manner.