AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cell growth and production of new organelles and enzymes are characteristics of prophase. FALSE: Interphase is characterized by cell growth and production of new organelles and enzymes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Prophase is characterized by condensation of sister chromatids-essentially packaging into a more compact chromatin structure. This process involves condensins I and II, which require phosphorylation by mitotic Cdks.

Detailed explanation-3: -A common misconception is that DNA copies itself during prophase, but this is not true. In prophase, the DNA has already been copied while the cell was in interphase. The chromosome number is the same in the daughter cells as it was in the parent cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mitosis is conventionally divided into five stages known as prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. While mitosis is taking place, there is no cell growth and all of the cellular energy is focused on cell division. During prophase, the replicated pairs of chromosomes condense and compact themselves.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mitosis begins at prophase with the thickening and coiling of the chromosomes. The nucleolus, a rounded structure, shrinks and disappears. The end of prophase is marked by the beginning of the organization of a group of fibres to form a spindle and the disintegration of the nuclear membrane.