AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins. Chromosomes are the form of the genetic material of a cell during cell division. It is this coiled structure that ensures proper segregation of the chromosomes during cell division. During other phases of the cell cycle, DNA is not coiled into chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The genetic material in cells is called DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

Detailed explanation-3: -During mitosis, chromosomes reorganise into compact cylindrical bodies so that the spindle can distribute one copy of the genome to each daughter cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells. Because this process is so critical, the steps of mitosis are carefully controlled by certain genes.

Detailed explanation-5: -DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the cell’s genetic material, contained in chromosomes within the cell nucleus and mitochondria.