AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During prophase, the complex of DNA and proteins contained in the nucleus, known as chromatin, condenses. The chromatin coils and becomes increasingly compact, resulting in the formation of visible chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The chromosomes during Prophase under a microscope are seen as X-shaped bodies (the typical structure of chromosomes after condensation). This X-shape is nothing else but the replicated chromosome comprising of two sister chromatids. DNA molecules: Condensed (visibility increases because of this condensation).

Detailed explanation-3: -’ Typically seen only as a diffuse mass when the cell is going about its day-to-day business, chromosomes become tightly packed into very distinctive X-shaped rods during cell division. This tight packaging helps ensure that each of the two cells post-division receives an identical copy of the genome.

Detailed explanation-4: -Prophase is the first phase of mitosis, during which the loosely packed chromatin coils and condenses into visible chromosomes. During prophase, each chromosome becomes visible with its identical partner (sister chromatid) attached, forming the familiar X-shape of sister chromatids.

Detailed explanation-5: -Chromatin condensation begins during prophase (2) and chromosomes become visible. Chromosomes remain condensed throughout the various stages of mitosis (2-5).