AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -ATP is like a charged battery, while ADP is like a dead battery. ATP can be hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi by the addition of water, releasing energy. ADP can be “recharged” to form ATP by the addition of energy, combining with Pi in a process that releases a molecule of water.

Detailed explanation-2: -An analogy between ATP and rechargeable batteries is appropriate. The batteries are used, giving up their potential energy until it has all been converted into kinetic energy and heat/unusable energy. Recharged batteries (into which energy has been put) can be used only after the input of additional energy.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cells can release the energy stored in ATP by breaking the bonds between the second and third phosphate groups. Because a cell can add or subtract these phosphate groups, it has an efficient way of storing and releasing energy as needed. ATP is like a rechargeable battery that powers the machinery of the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -A battery is analogous to a pump in a water circuit. A pump takes in water at low pressure and does work on it, ejecting it at high pressure. A battery takes in charge at low voltage, does work on it and ejects it at high voltage.

Detailed explanation-5: -ATP resembles a fully charged battery because it can yield energy when the third phosphate is removed, also forming ADP. ADP is like a partially charged battery that can be recharged when energy is added to link a third phosphate group, reforming ATP.