AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -ATPases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a free phosphate ion.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme localized in the inner membrane, where it catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate, driven by a flux of protons across a gradient generated by electron transfer from the proton chemically positive to the negative side.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate group (Pi) is catalysed by the enzyme ATP hydrolase. The hydrolysis of ATP can be coupled to energy-requiring reactions within cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -3.3 Mechanism of catalysis Pyruvate kinase catalyzes the direct transfer of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP to produce ATP and pyruvate.

Detailed explanation-5: -ATP synthase is a protein that catalyzes the formation of the energy storage molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) using adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). ATP synthase is a molecular machine. The overall reaction catalyzed by ATP synthase is: ADP + Pi + 2H+out ⇌ ATP + H2O + 2H.