AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The cyclic transformation of ATP to ADP and then back again to ATP is termed as ATP cycle. When the terminal phosphate, from the three phosphate groups in ATP (adenosine triphosphate), is removed, it becomes ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and the energy released is utilised in carrying out any biological function.

Detailed explanation-2: -When a phosphate group is added ADP becomes ATP. ADP is the only thing recycled. This is a chemiosmotic process.

Detailed explanation-3: -ADP is converted into ATP by the enzyme ATP synthase. This same enzyme breaks down ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Detailed explanation-4: -Within the mitochondria, some energy is used to attach one phosphate group to an ADP compound to produce an ATP compound. In this way, ATP is continuously recycled to meet the energy requirement.

Detailed explanation-5: -ATP recycling The total quantity of ATP in the human body is about 0.1 mol/L. The majority of ATP is recycled from ADP by the aforementioned processes. Thus, at any given time, the total amount of ATP + ADP remains fairly constant.