AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Detailed explanation-2: -The mitochondrion is referred to as the ‘power house’ of the cell, because it is responsible for the synthesis of the majority of ATP under aerobic conditions. The inner membrane of the mitochondrion contains the components of the electron transport chain.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesized during glucose metabolism is produced in the mitochondria through oxidative phosphorylation. This is a complex reaction powered by the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane, which is generated by mitochondrial respiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -ATP synthesized in mitochondria is the primary energy source for important biological functions, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and protein synthesis.