AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Detailed explanation-2: -Mitochondria are the organelle where ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation and several diseases are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

Detailed explanation-3: -The mitochondrion performs most cellular oxidations and produces the bulk of the animal cell’s ATP. The mitochondrial matrix contains a large variety of enzymes, including those that convert pyruvate and fatty acids to acetyl CoA and those that oxidize this acetyl CoA to CO2through the citric acid cycle.

Detailed explanation-4: -Aerobic respiration produces ATP (along with carbon dioxide and water) from glucose and oxygen.

Detailed explanation-5: -ATP synthesis takes place in the ATP synthase complex of the Electron transport chain, which is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane.