AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Beginning with energy sources obtained from their environment in the form of sunlight and organic food molecules, eukaryotic cells make energy-rich molecules like ATP and NADH via energy pathways including photosynthesis, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mitochondria are often called the “powerhouses” or “energy factories” of a cell because they are responsible for making adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell’s main energy-carrying molecule. ATP represents the short-term stored energy of the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -Muscle cells require the most ATP. Muscle cells are responsible for all of our movements. Most of the energy burned during the day is through the movement of the body by skeletal muscles. These muscles require large amounts of energy in order to perform the necessary mechanical work.

Detailed explanation-4: -This energy is used: to drive the chemical reactions needed to keep organisms alive – the reactions to build complex carbohydrates, proteins and lipids from the products of photosynthesis in plants, and the products of digestion in animals, require energy.