AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lactic acid is the byproduct of anaerobic respiration in animals. Without molecule oxygen, anaerobic respiration occurs in animal muscle cells. As a result, it is often referred to as homolactic fermentation. The liver receives the lactic acid that muscle cells produce to regenerate glucose.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lactic acid is an end product of anaerobic respiration in animals.

Detailed explanation-3: -Anaerobic Respiration in Animals In animals, anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid as the glucose is not fully broken down. If the lactic acid builds up it can stop the muscles from working, causing cramp.

Detailed explanation-4: -Some bacteria produce lactic acid from pyruvic acid. This metabolic process is also seen in the muscle cells of animals. There can be inadequate oxygen supply for respiration in muscle cells during physical exercise. Thus, in anaerobic conditions, pyruvic acid is reduced to lactic acid.

Detailed explanation-5: -Fermentation process in the muscle cells of animals is called as lactic acid fermentation as the end product is lactic acid. In plant cells, fermentation results in the production of ethanol and carbon dioxide.