AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Oxidative phosphorylation has two parts: the electron transport chain (ETC) and chemiosmosis. The ETC is a collection of proteins bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane and organic molecules, which electrons pass through in a series of redox reactions, and release energy.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from one molecule to another, and energy released in these electron transfers is used to form an electrochemical gradient. In chemiosmosis, the energy stored in the gradient is used to make ATP.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each electron donor will pass electrons to an acceptor of higher redox potential, which in turn donates these electrons to another acceptor, a process that continues down the series until electrons are passed to oxygen, the terminal electron acceptor in the chain.

Detailed explanation-4: -The electrons move from carrier to carrier, down a favorable energy gradient to the final electron acceptor, O2. The favorable energy gradient is due to the fact that electrons move towards components with a more positive reduction potential and thus a higher affinity for oxygen.

Detailed explanation-5: -The electrons are released by NADH and. FADH 2 and finally accepted by oxygen to. form water.