AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Protein kinases (PTKs) are enzymes that regulate the biological activity of proteins by phosphorylation of specific amino acids with ATP as the source of phosphate, thereby inducing a conformational change from an inactive to an active form of the protein.

Detailed explanation-2: -A type of enzyme (a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body) that adds chemicals called phosphates to other molecules, such as sugars or proteins. This may cause other molecules in the cell to become either active or inactive. Kinases are a part of many cell processes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Metabolism of dietary sugars (glycolysis) involves several different steps of phosphorylation by distinct kinases. These phosphate groups are ultimately used to form the high-energy compound known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Detailed explanation-4: -In biochemistry, a kinase (/ˈkaɪneɪs, ˈkɪneɪs, -eɪz/) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation, where the high-energy ATP molecule donates a phosphate group to the substrate molecule.

Detailed explanation-5: -A kinase is an early example of an enzyme that moves something from one molecule to another, hence a name that literally means “an enzyme to move”.