AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Glycolysis is the first step in respiration. It is common for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration . It takes place in all the cells both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells as all cells require energy.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm where one 6 carbon molecule of glucose is oxidized to generate two 3 carbon molecules of pyruvate. The fate of pyruvate depends on the presence or absence of mitochondria and oxygen in the cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Option B: Only Eukaryotic cells: in the eukaryotic cells, the energy is obtained from the glycolysis process.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glycolysis is present in all known eukaryotes, with the exception of some extremely reduced intracellular parasites (Keeling et al. 2010; Wiredu Boakye et al. 2017).

Detailed explanation-5: -Glycolysis occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic states. In aerobic conditions, pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle and undergoes oxidative phosphorylation leading to the net production of 32 ATP molecules. In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate converts to lactate through anaerobic glycolysis.