AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Thus a total of 2 ATPs are generated from the fermentation of a glucose molecule.

Detailed explanation-2: -Without oxygen, organisms can split glucose into just two molecule s of pyruvate. This releases only enough energy to make two ATP molecules. With oxygen, organisms can break down glucose all the way to carbon dioxide. This releases enough energy to produce up to 38 ATP molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fermentation involves the step of glycolysis in respiration, but it does not go through the Kreb’s cycle or the Electron Transport Chain. Therefore there are only 2 net ATP generated, not the net of 32 that come from cellular respiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Net ATP production when one molecule of glucose is fermented to alcohol or lactic acid: When glucose ferments, there is a net gain of two ATP molecules in the glycolysis process. Both lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation proceed in the same way.

Detailed explanation-5: -So, in aerobic respiration, a total of 38 molecules of ATP are created, with 2 ATP molecules formed outside the mitochondria. Electron transfer from glycolysis’ NADH and FADH2 molecules, pyruvate transformation, and the Krebs cycle generates up to 32 additional ATP molecules.