AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -One reaction of glycolysis removes 4 high-energy electrons, passing them to an electron carrier called NAD+. Each NAD+ accepts a pair of high-energy electrons and becomes an NADH molecule. The NADH molecule holds the electrons until they can be transferred to other molecules.

Detailed explanation-2: -Review: In the process of glycolysis, a net profit of two ATP was produced, two NAD+ were reduced to two NADH + H+, and glucose was split into two pyruvate molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -1: Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate molecules: Glycolysis, or the aerobic catabolic breakdown of glucose, produces energy in the form of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate, which itself enters the citric acid cycle to produce more energy.

Detailed explanation-4: -NADH enters the ETC at complex I and produces a total of 10 H+ ions through the ETC (4 from complex I, 4 from complex III, and 2 from complex IV). ATP-synthase synthesizes 1 ATP for 4 H+ ions. Therefore, 1 NADH = 10 H+, and 10/4 H+ per ATP = 2.5 ATP per NADH (**some sources round up**).