AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -It takes place in yeast, bacteria, plants and in the muscle cells of animals. It produces very less amount of ATP. Fermentation process in the muscle cells of animals is called as lactic acid fermentation as the end product is lactic acid.

Detailed explanation-2: -Fermentation usually happens in yeast cells and bacteria. Also, the animal muscle cells show lactic acid fermentation in case of inadequate oxygen supply. In yeast, there is incomplete oxidation of glucose that happens in an anaerobic environment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lactic acid is primarily found in or made using fermented vegetables, cereals, and legumes, which makes it a vegan substance ( 4 ). However, this may not be the case in every country or with every food product, as the production of some man-made lactic acid may involve animal sources.

Detailed explanation-4: -Most of them are normal flora of human being and animals and produce myriad beneficial effects for human beings include, alleviation of lactose intolerance, diarrhea, peptic ulcer, stimulation of immune system, antiallergic effects, antifungal actions, preservation of food, and prevention of colon cancer.

Detailed explanation-5: -Two common kinds of fermentation are lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation. Both are anaerobic processes, but lactic acid fermentation occurs in animal tissue such as human muscle, while alcohol fermentation occurs in plant and yeast cells. Both are used in food production.