AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When NAD+ is converted to NADH, it gains two things: First, a charged hydrogen molecule (H+) and next, two electrons. As electrons are negatively charged, the combination of the positively charged NAD+ and H+, coupled with two electrons, effectively cancel each other out and neutralize the resulting NADH molecule.

Detailed explanation-2: -Introduction. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) plays a very critical role in a wide range of cellular reactions. The conversion of NAD from its oxidized form (NAD+) to its reduced form (NADH), and back, provides the cell with a mechanism for accepting and donating electrons.

Detailed explanation-3: -Alcohol Dehydrogenase This is an oxidation reaction and results in the removal of two hydrogen ions and two electrons which are added to the NAD+, converting it to NADH and H+. This is the first reaction in the metabolism of alcohol. The active site of ADH has two binding regions.

Detailed explanation-4: -NAD+ is used as an electron acceptor during glycolysis, whereas NADH is used by mitochondrial complex I to drive the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC).