AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During respiration, glucose molecule, a 6-carbon compound, breaks down into two molecules of a 3-carbon compound called pyruvate. Glycolysis or breakdown of glucose takes place in the cytoplasm of cell and pyruvate breaks further in mitochondria, forming carbon dioxide and energy.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glycolysis is a series of reactions that extract energy from glucose by splitting it into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvates.

Detailed explanation-3: -So, the correct option is ‘Aldolase’.

Detailed explanation-4: -During glycolysis, glucose, a six carbon compound is broken down into two molecules of puruvic acid/pyruvate, which is a three carbon compound. This process occurs in the cytoplasm. It does not require oxygen, so can happen in both aerobic and anerobic conditions.

Detailed explanation-5: -An isomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a molecule into one of its isomers. This change from phosphoglucose to phosphofructose allows the eventual split of the sugar into two three-carbon molecules.