AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During glycolysis, glucose ultimately breaks down into pyruvate and energy; a total of 2 ATP is derived in the process (Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi–> 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP + 2 H2O). The hydroxyl groups allow for phosphorylation. The specific form of glucose used in glycolysis is glucose 6-phosphate.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glycolysis starts with one molecule of glucose and ends with two pyruvate (pyruvic acid) molecules, a total of four ATP molecules, and two molecules of NADH.

Detailed explanation-3: -Glycolysis is defined as a sequence of reactions that convert glucose into pyruvate or lactate with the production of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate). Pyruvic acid is the end product of glycolysis.

Detailed explanation-4: -The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate in aerobic settings and lactate in anaerobic conditions.

Detailed explanation-5: -The final end products of cellular respiration are ATP and H2O. Glycolysis produces two pyruvate molecules, four ATPs (a net of two ATP), two NADH, and two H2O. Therefore, without the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is the only process that can occur, and only two ATP molecules may be produced for each glucose molecule.