AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Glycolysis occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic states. In aerobic conditions, pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle and undergoes oxidative phosphorylation leading to the net production of 32 ATP molecules. In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate converts to lactate through anaerobic glycolysis .

Detailed explanation-2: -Glycolysis is a process in which glucose is broken down to pyruvic acid without the help of an external electron acceptor such as oxygen. It occurs in the cell cytoplasm and so is common to both aerobic and anaerobic organisms.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cellular respiration always begins with glycolysis, which can occur either in the absence or presence of oxygen. Cellular respiration that proceeds in the absence of oxygen is anaerobic respiration. Cellular respiration that proceeds in the presence of oxygen is aerobic respiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -A glucose molecule can only produce three ATP molecules under anaerobic metabolism, while it produces 39 with aerobic metabolism. ATP is what fuels the muscles. Anaerobic metabolism can only use glucose and glycogen, while aerobic metabolism can also break down fats and protein.