CELL RESPIRATION
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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matrix; intermembrane space; through the proton channel in the ATP Synthase.
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intermembrane space; matrix; through the proton channel in the ATP Synthase.
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matrix; cytoplasm; through the proton channel in the ATP Synthase.
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intermembrane; cytoplasm; through the proton channel in the ATP Synthase.
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Detailed explanation-1: -During electron transport, energy is used to pump hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial inner membrane, from the matrix into the intermembrane space. A chemiosmotic gradient causes hy drogen ions to flow back across the mitochondrial membrane into the matrix, through ATP synthase, producing ATP.
Detailed explanation-2: -This potential is used by the enzyme ATP synthase to transfer hydrogen ions into the matrix and to create ATP. The ATP produced in this process is transported out of the mitochondrial matrix through the inner membrane using carrier facilitated diffusion and diffusion through the outer membrane.
Detailed explanation-3: -When protons flow back down their concentration gradient (from the intermembrane space to the matrix), their only route is through ATP synthase, an enzyme embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Detailed explanation-4: -When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space, the result is the creation of proton-motive force (d is correct). The proton-motive force describes the force created by the tendency of hydrogen ions to move down their concentration gradient.
Detailed explanation-5: -The energy used in the electron transport chain pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inner matrix to the intermembrane space, producing a strong hydrogen concentration gradient. This process was called chemiosmosis by its discover, Peter Mitchell.