AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A) if there was a hole in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, protons would leak into the mitochondrial matrix through this opening, and not through ATP synthase. In order for the mitochondria to generate ATP, it needs protons to flow through ATP synthase to turn it, and phosphorylate ADP into ATP.

Detailed explanation-2: -The inner membrane of the mitochondrion contains the components of the electron transport chain. Oxidation/reduction reactions along the components of the electron transport chain generate a proton gradient that is used by ATP synthase to phosphorylate ADP, thereby producing ATP.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: When there is a leaky membrane in a mitochondrion, it will impede proton accumulation in the space between the membranes. As a result, the electromotive motive will decrease that was tackled by ATP synthase for ATP production through ADP phosphorylation.

Detailed explanation-4: -At the inner mitochondrial membrane, a high energy electron is passed along an electron transport chain. The energy released pumps hydrogen out of the matrix space. The gradient created by this drives hydrogen back through the membrane, through ATP synthase.