AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stage three of cellular respiration is the use of NADH and FADH2 to generate ATP. This occurs in two parts. First, the NADH and FADH2 enter an electron transport chain, where their energy is used to pump, by active transport, protons (H+) into the intermembrane space of mitochondria.

Detailed explanation-2: -Citrate is converted into isocitrate in a reaction catalyzed by aconitase. Step 3. Isocitrate is converted into -ketoglutarate in a reaction catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase. An NAD+ molecule is reduced to NADH + H+ in this reaction, and a carbon dioxide molecule is released as a product.

Detailed explanation-3: -The third and final stage of cellular respiration, called electron transport, takes place on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. Electrons are transported from molecule to molecule down an electron-transport chain.

Detailed explanation-4: -Step 1: Acetyl CoA (two carbon molecule) joins with oxaloacetate (4 carbon molecule) to form citrate (6 carbon molecule). Step 2: Citrate is converted to isocitrate (an isomer of citrate) Step 3: Isocitrate is oxidised to alpha-ketoglutarate (a five carbon molecule) which results in the release of carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-5: -The reactions of cellular respiration can be grouped into three stages: glycolysis (stage 1), the Krebs cycle, also called the citric acid cycle (stage 2), and electron transport (stage 3).