AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -While most aerobic respiration (with oxygen) takes place in the cell’s mitochondria, and anaerobic respiration (without oxygen) takes place within the cell’s cytoplasm.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mitochondria are essential organelles in plant and animal cells that are from a prokaryotic ancestor and play a key role in processes such as oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic metabolism of glucose and fat, calcium signaling, and apoptosis (1, 2).

Detailed explanation-3: -Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of the cell. Mitochondria produces energy through aerobic respiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mitochondria play a critical role in the generation of metabolic energy in eukaryotic cells. As reviewed in Chapter 2, they are responsible for most of the useful energy derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates and fatty acids, which is converted to ATP by the process of oxidative phosphorylation.