AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Almost all primates are diurnal, which is to say, they are active during the day and sleep at night.

Detailed explanation-2: -Strepsirhine primates (lemurs and lorisiforms) are predominantly nocturnal. Haplorhine primates (tarsiers, monkeys, and apes), in contrast, are predominantly diurnal, with two genera representing the nocturnal exception: Tarsius (tarsiers) and Aotus (owl monkeys).

Detailed explanation-3: -Most haplorhine primates, including humans, are diurnal, while most “primitive” strepsirrhine primates are nocturnal, suggesting primates have evolved from nocturnal to diurnal habits.

Detailed explanation-4: -Diurnal primates are active during the day. The benefits include better visual foraging and visual communication. However, diurnal primates face increased predation, possible heat stress, and competition for food from birds and other primates. Nocturnal primates are primarly active at night.

Detailed explanation-5: -The analysis of 17 communities of primates distributed widely around the world and through geological time shows that primate communities consistently contain both nocturnal and diurnal forms, regardless of the taxonomic sources of the communities.