AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Permafrost is a permanently frozen layer below Earth’s surface. It consists of soil, gravel, and sand, usually bound together by ice.

Detailed explanation-2: -Tundra winters are long, dark, and cold, with mean temperatures below 0°C for six to 10 months of the year. The temperatures are so cold that there is a layer of permanently frozen ground below the surface, called permafrost. This permafrost is a defining characteristic of the tundra biome.

Detailed explanation-3: -Permafrost, a permanently frozen layer below some parts of the Earth’s surface (usually in the Arctic or Antarctic), consisting of soil, gravel, and sand, held together by ice. Frozen ground is often confused with permafrost but they aren’t the same.

Detailed explanation-4: -Permafrost also lies beneath the Arctic Ocean, known as submarine permafrost, where vast reserves of methane are hibernating-as much as 60 billion tons of methane and 560 billion tons of organic carbon.

Detailed explanation-5: -Permafrost is a “thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year, occurring mostly in polar regions”. Permafrost is located in many different areas of the Earth. Alaska and Siberia has permafrost under most of the region there. Unfortunately permafrost is melting very rapidly.