AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturi, meaning treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-molded landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons. Dead organic material functions as a nutrient pool.

Detailed explanation-2: -Tundra is found in the regions just below the ice caps of the Arctic, extending across North America, to Europe, and Siberia in Asia. Much of Alaska and about half of Canada are in the tundra biome. Tundra is also found at the tops of very high mountains elsewhere in the world.

Detailed explanation-3: -The average elevation where alpine tundra occurs is generally higher near the Equator than at the poles. Because nearly all of Antarctica is covered with ice, it lacks a well-developed tundra, though lichens, mosses, and at least three species of flowering plants occur in more favourable habitats there.

Detailed explanation-4: -The tundra is treeless because of its harsh climate and conditions. The coldest of all the biomes, the tundra is known for having very low temperatures, which make it difficult for trees to survive. There is also very little precipitation. The soil is poor and lacks nutrients.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic tundra, alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra. Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions.