AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -DescriptionIn physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term tundra comes through Russian from the Kildin Sami word meaning “uplands", “treeless mountain tract".

Detailed explanation-2: -In physical geography, tundra (/ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. The term tundra comes through Russian (tundra) from the Kildin Sámi word (tūndâr) meaning “uplands", “treeless mountain tract".

Detailed explanation-3: -In physical geography, tundra is a biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens.

Detailed explanation-4: -Due to the cold, the upper soil surface of the region is frozen into a rock-like state all through the year. This is called ‘permafrost’. As there is little soil, only some small plants can grow. The underground soil being hard, it is difficult for trees to grow.

Detailed explanation-5: -The soil in the Arctic is largely permafrost or soil that remains frozen year-round, leaving only a thin surface layer of thawed soil in summer for plant roots to grow in. Tundra soil is also scarce in many of the nutrients that plants need to grow.