AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -tundra, a major zone of treeless level or rolling ground found in cold regions, mostly north of the Arctic Circle (Arctic tundra) or above the timberline on high mountains (alpine tundra).

Detailed explanation-2: -Tundra ecosystems are treeless regions found in the Arctic and on the tops of mountains, where the climate is cold and windy, and rainfall is scant. Tundra lands are covered with snow for much of the year, but summer brings bursts of wildflowers.

Detailed explanation-3: -The tundra climate region occurs between 60° and 75° of latitude, mostly along the Arctic coast of North America and Eurasia and on the coastal margins of Greenland.

Detailed explanation-4: -Alpine tundra is located on mountains throughout the world at high altitude where trees cannot grow. The growing season is approximately 180 days. The nighttime temperature is usually below freezing. Unlike the arctic tundra, the soil in the alpine is well drained.

Detailed explanation-5: -Arctic Tundra has a frozen sublayer of soil called permafrost permanently, whether the ground is covered in snow or not. Alpine Tundra has snow-covered ground, but permafrost is absent here. It allows better drainage and absorption of water into the soil.