AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The tundra is sometimes called the frozen desert. In areas with tundra the ground is frozen the whole year. This permanently frozen ground is called permafrost. Very short shrubs grow in the tundra.

Detailed explanation-2: -Arctic tundra is relatively homogeneous and with low biodiversity due to its recent glacial history, while alpine tundra is much more diverse and with higher biodiversity mostly because of its fragmentation on isolated mountains.

Detailed explanation-3: -Tundra soils are usually classified as Gelisols or Cryosols, depending on the soil classification system used.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the tundra, very few plants grow due to the lack of nutrients and because the ground is frozen beneath the top layer of soil. The only vegetation that grows there are shrubs, sedges, mosses, lichens, grasses, and a couple of birch trees and willow trees.