AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nutrient pollution is the process where too many nutrients, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, are added to bodies of water and can act like fertilizer, causing excessive growth of algae. Nutrients can run off of land in urban areas where lawn and garden fertilizers are used.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential macronutrients needed to promote algal growth and they regulate metabolic activities if supplied in an acceptable form. Various nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in microalgae cultivation medium may influence lipid and fatty acid yield [4, 18].

Detailed explanation-3: -Algae can multiply quickly in waterways with an overabundance of nitrogen and phosphorus, particularly when the water is warm and the weather is calm. This proliferation causes blooms of algae that turn the water noticeably green, although other colors can occur.

Detailed explanation-4: -Phosphorus in New Hampshire’s lakes is considered the “limiting nutrient.” Phosphorus typically limits aquatic plant (macrophytes and algae) growth because it is less available for uptake than other nutrients (e.g. nitrogen) in freshwater systems.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nitrogen and phosphorus support the growth of algae and aquatic plants, which provide food and habitat for fish, shellfish and smaller organisms that live in water. But when too much nitrogen and phosphorus enter the environment-usually from a wide range of human activities-the air and water can become polluted.