AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Harmful algal blooms, dead zones, and fish kills are the results of a process called eutrophication-which occurs when the environment becomes enriched with nutrients, increasing the amount of plant and algae growth to estuaries and coastal waters.

Detailed explanation-2: -Eutrophication leads to algal bloom. Once the algae die, the organic matter left behind starts to get decomposed by bacteria. These bacteria consume large amounts of oxygen. This increases the biological oxygen demand or BOD, and causes a hypoxic condition in the water body, which is not ideal for aquatic life forms.

Detailed explanation-3: -The increased growth of algae in the water resulting in reduced sunlight penetration and depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water is called eutrophication. The growth of algae is induced by excess amount of fertilisers in water which is rich in minerals and nutrients.

Detailed explanation-4: -Eutrophication is the process by which a body of water becomes enriched in dissolved nutrients (as phosphates), stimulating the growth of aquatic plant life usually resulting in the depletion of dissolved oxygen.

Detailed explanation-5: -eutrophication is the natural ageing of lake by biological enrichment of its water. biomagnification refers to the increase in concentration of toxic in successive trophic level.