ECOLOGY
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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They use chemicals to produce food.
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They establish homes in which animals can live.
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They break down rock into soil in which plants can grow.
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They adjust the climate by altering the average temperature in a region.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Pioneer species are producers, so are able to create their own food from only sunlight, water and air (photosynthesis). Over time, they break down the rock to create soil and help to provide a more hospitable environment. This process allows more complex, less resilient plants to grow on the island.
Detailed explanation-2: -Species that arrive first in a newly created environment (such as an island rising out of the sea) are called pioneer species, and they, through their interactions with one another, build a rather simple initial biological community.
Detailed explanation-3: -Primary succession occurs when new land is formed or bare rock is exposed, providing a habitat that can be colonized for the first time. For example, primary succession may take place following the eruption of volcanoes, such as those on the Big Island of Hawaii. As lava flows into the ocean, new rock is formed.
Detailed explanation-4: -Organisms specifically adapted to colonize bare, lifeless areas and begin an ecological community are defined as pioneer species. These species modify their environment as they live and survive, and produce conditions for other organisms to come and start living in the area.