AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Explanation: In the given condition, the magma erupting from the underwater volcano forms lava and with more frequent eruption, it eventually piled up in such a way that it forms an island, whose surface lies above the sea surface or the ocean surface.

Detailed explanation-2: -Composite volcanoes experience many eruptive periods over a long expanse of time (hundreds of thousands of years). These complex volcanoes are made of lava flows, pyroclastic deposits, as well as volcanic domes. Lahars and landslides that reshape these volcanoes may occur during eruptions or at other times.

Detailed explanation-3: -Primary succession occurs when a land area is formed. This may occur following a volcanic eruption, when new sand is deposited on a beach, or when a glacier retreats.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lava domes form during volcanic eruptions in which highly viscous magma accumulates in the near-vent region. During this activity, gas pressure build up in the lava dome or shallow conduit region can destabilize the structure and trigger transitions to explosive eruptions or lava dome collapse.

Detailed explanation-5: -Submarine volcanoes are found deep on the ocean floor. They can erupt just as violently as volcanoes found on dry land. Also known as seamounts (underwater mountains), submarine volcanoes can be just as violent and in some cases larger than those on land.