AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ecological succession is the process by which the mix of species and habitat in an area changes over time. Gradually, these communities replace one another until a “climax community”-like a mature forest-is reached, or until a disturbance, like a fire, occurs. Ecological succession is a fundamental concept in ecology.

Detailed explanation-2: -Climax. The last stage of ecological succession is the formation of a climax community. There is minimal resource competition and no further replacement of dominant plant species.

Detailed explanation-3: -The 5 stages of succession are Nudation, Invasion, Competition and Co-action, Reaction, and Climax or Stabilization. At the same location, a succession of biotic communities naturally emerge one after another until the Climax stage is reached. In their early stages, biotic communities develop slowly.

Detailed explanation-4: -Primary succession occurring over time. The soil depths increase with respect to the increase in decomposition of organic matter. and there is a gradual increase of species diversity in the ecosystem. The labels I-VII represent the different stages of primary succession.