AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Secondary succession is the series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat. In the following options, a damaged ecosystem is degraded forest. The others newly cooled lava, bare rock, and newly created pond are examples of where primary succession can occur.

Detailed explanation-2: -In secondary succession, a previously occupied area is re-colonized following a disturbance that kills much or all of its community. A classic example of secondary succession occurs in oak and hickory forests cleared by wildfire. Wildfires will burn most vegetation and kill animals unable to flee the area.

Detailed explanation-3: -Secondary succession-Succession where natural communities develop in an area that was earlier occupied by living organisms that were somehow lost. It begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed such as in abandoned farm lands, deforested lands, flooded lands, burned forests, etc.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer: The ferns growing in a forest that has been logged is an instance of secondary succession.