AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nudation: It is a process of developing a bare area without any form of life for the arrival of new species. The causes of nudation may be: o Topographic: The existing community may disappear due to soil erosion (by gravity, water or wind), land slide, volcanic activity etc.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nudation – the formation of a bare area or nudation by several reasons, such as volcanic eruption, flooding, landslide, erosion, etc. Invasion – arrival of the reproductive bodies or propagules of various organisms and their settlement in the new or bare area.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nudation. It is the development of a bare site uninhabited by any organisms. The process is usually caused by disturbances. These factors can be either topographic (soil erosion, wind action etc); climatic (hails, storm, glaciations, fire etc.); or biotic (human activities).

Detailed explanation-4: -In ecology, the term “niche” describes the role an organism plays in a community. A species’ niche encompasses both the physical and environmental conditions it requires (like temperature or terrain) and the interactions it has with other species (like predation or competition).

Detailed explanation-5: -Species that arrive first in the newly created environment are called pioneer species, and through their interactions they build a simple initial biological community.