AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Secondary succession occurs when the severity of disturbance is insufficient to remove all the existing vegetation and soil from a site. Many different kinds of disturbances, such as fire, flooding, windstorms, and human activities (e.g., logging of forests) can initiate secondary succession.

Detailed explanation-2: -Secondary succession happens when a climax community or intermediate community is impacted by a disturbance. This restarts the cycle of succession, but not back to the beginning-soil and nutrients are still present.

Detailed explanation-3: -Secondary succession occurs opposite to the process of primary succession. It starts after the processes like forest fire, hurricane, etc which reduces the established ecosystem.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: Humans affect ecological succession by altering the rate at which succession naturally occurs. Humans can enhance the rate of succession by planting plants in the soil which helps to kickstart the process of secondary succession.

Detailed explanation-5: -Ecological succession typically begins when the existing biological community has been cleared away by human activity or natural disturbance such as a fire or severe storm. This may happen over a large area, but succession can also begin in a small patch of forest that is opened up where an old tree has fallen.