AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Primary succession begins when no plant life is present on the landscape, such as after a lava flow or glacial retreat. Over centuries, soil forms and deepens and successive communities of plants grow.

Detailed explanation-2: -Primary succession occurs in essentially lifeless areas-regions in which the soil is incapable of sustaining life as a result of such factors as lava flows, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks left from a retreating glacier.

Detailed explanation-3: -What is primary succession? Primary succession is ecological succession that begins in essentially lifeless areas, such as regions in which there is no soil or where the soil is incapable of sustaining life (because of recent lava flows, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks left from a retreating glacier).

Detailed explanation-4: -Secondary succession is distinguished from primary succession, in which a biological community develops where no life had existed previously.