AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The second trophic level consists of organisms that eat the producers. These are called primary consumers, or herbivores. Deer, turtles, and many types of birds are herbivores.

Detailed explanation-2: -Primary consumers make up the second trophic level. They are also called herbivores. They eat primary producers-plants or algae-and nothing else. For example, a grasshopper living in the Everglades is a primary consumer.

Detailed explanation-3: -An animal that eats producers, like plants or algae, is called an herbivore. Carnivores eat other consumers. This means they eat other animals. Animals that eat both producers and consumers are called omnivores.

Detailed explanation-4: -A food web starts at trophic level 1 with primary producers such as plants, can move to herbivores at level 2, carnivores at level 3 or higher, and typically finish with apex predators at level 4 or 5.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nectavores consume plant nectar, frugivore consumes fruiting bodies of plants, granivores feed on seeds and grains, folivores consume leaf material, while fungivores eat heterotrophic fungi such as mushrooms.