AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -All food chains start with energy from the sun. This energy is captured by plants. Thus the living part of a food chain always starts with plant life and ends with an animal. Plants are called producers because they are able to use light energy from the sun to produce food (sugar) from carbon dioxide and water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Producers, also known as autotrophs, make their own food. They make up the first level of every food chain. Autotrophs are usually plants or one-celled organisms.

Detailed explanation-3: -Food is necessary to make energy. Living things need it to survive. It all starts with the Sun. Its energy is passed down to producer and then consumer.

Detailed explanation-4: -The food chain consists of four main parts: The Sun, which provides the energy for everything on the planet (except organisms living near the hydrothermal vents). Producers: these include all green plants. These are also known as autotrophs, since they make their own food.

Detailed explanation-5: -In the hydrothermal vent food web, bacteria make carbohydrates, consumers eat bacteria, and predators eat those consumers. This food web structure and chemosynthesis have been associated primarily with deep ocean organisms far from any sunlight (Figure 2). Figure 2: Example of a hydrothermal vent food web.