AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A food chain describes how energy and nutrients move through an ecosystem. At the basic level there are plants that produce the energy, then it moves up to higher-level organisms like herbivores. After that when carnivores eat the herbivores, energy is transferred from one to the other.

Detailed explanation-2: -The energy flow takes place via the food chain and food web. During the process of energy flow in the ecosystem, plants being the producers absorb sunlight with the help of the chloroplasts and a part of it is transformed into chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -At each trophic level after this “consumer” species eat the species from the level below them. In this way, energy, which is stored in living material, or “biomass", moves up the chain. Primary consumers eat producers, secondary consumers eat primary consumers and so on.