AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The opposite of natural increase is called natural decrease, where more people are dying than babies being born, which can cause a population to shrink. Areas with aging populations often have natural decrease.

Detailed explanation-2: -Permanent emigration represents a loss of population in the place of origin. Whether this loss translates into a long-run reduction in population size depends on the age and sex composition of emigrant flows, and whether birth and survival rates rise in response to the loss of population.

Detailed explanation-3: -During emigration, individuals from other populations are added in the given population.

Detailed explanation-4: -Immigration describes individuals moving into the population while emigration describes individuals exiting the population. If immigration rates are higher than emigration rates, the population increases, whereas if emigration rates are higher than immigration rates, the population size decreases.